Discover the energetic and versatile English Springer Spaniel with a rich history, unique traits and how selective breeding led to the field dog and show dog.
Introduction
Imagine a hunting companion that’s not only skilled in the field but also a loyal member of your family. The English Springer Spaniel embodies this perfect blend of energy, intelligence, and affection. Whether flushing game or lounging at home, these dogs captivate the hearts of hunters and pet owners alike.
This post is for hunting enthusiasts, dog lovers, and anyone considering adding an English Springer Spaniel to their family. You’ll uncover the rich history, impressive physical and behavioral traits, and essential care tips for this remarkable breed. Intrigued? Keep reading to discover why the English Springer Spaniel might just be your next perfect companion.
English Springer Spaniel Origin and History
The English Springer Spaniel is more than just an energetic hunting dog; it has a storied past that contributes to its remarkable skills and charming personality. Understanding the origins and history of this breed offers a deeper appreciation for their capabilities and character.
Ancestors
The exact origins of Spaniel dogs are debated. Some theories suggest that the Celts introduced them to Britain from Spain, while others propose that the Romans brought their predecessors from China. Spaniels are referenced in an ancient Welsh law dating back to 300 AD, and dogs resembling the modern English Springer Spaniel appear in 16th and 17th-century artwork.
Evolution
By the mid-19th century, the English Springer Spaniel evolved from the Norfolk or Shropshire Spaniels. By 1800, distinct lines of the British springer spaniel were being bred in England. These springer dogs were recognized for their ability to “spring” or flush game into the air, making them a favorite among hunters. The Kennel Club officially recognized the English Springer Spaniel as a unique breed in 1902. Today, the breed has diverged into two separate types, field dogs or working dogs including sniffer dogs and show bred dogs.
Breed Status
Today, the English Springer Spaniel is a thriving breed both in the USA and globally. In the United States, there are approximately 25,000 to 30,000 registered English Springer Spaniels, with similar numbers found across Europe and other parts of the world. The breed is highly popular due to its versatility, excelling as a hunting companion, show dog, and family pet. An interesting fact about the breed is that they are frequently used as sniffer dogs in airports and other high-security areas because of their keen sense of smell and trainability. This widespread use underscores their continuing relevance and adaptability in modern times.
Kennel Clubs
The significance of the English Springer Spaniel is reflected in its recognition by major kennel clubs. The American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the breed in 1910, and it has since become a staple at dog shows and competitions. The English Springer Spaniel is also acknowledged by the United Kennel Club (UKC) and the Kennel Club in the UK, which further cements its status as a distinguished and esteemed breed. These organizations help maintain the breed’s standards and promote responsible breeding practices.
English Springer Spaniel In Action
The English Springer Spaniel is not just a pretty face; it’s a powerhouse of energy and skill in the field and the show ring. This section delves into the remarkable versatility and abilities of this gun dog breed, showcasing why it’s a favorite among hunters and dog enthusiasts alike.
Hunting: Field-Bred (or Working Dog)
English Springer Spaniels are a sight to behold in action. Field-bred, or “working dogs”, are particularly celebrated for their exceptional abilities. These dogs are bred to be agile, intelligent, and they are highly driven to complete the task at hand. Their keen sense of smell and boundless energy make them indispensable companions for hunting and as detection dogs.
Their training begins at a young age, focusing on honing their natural instincts and refining their skills. When hunting, these dogs follow a specific hunting process:
- Finding Game: The English Springer Spaniel hunting dog excels in finding game. Their acute sense of smell allows them to detect the presence of birds and small game hidden in dense vegetation. Watching an ESS work a field is like witnessing a master at work, as they weave through tall grass and underbrush with purpose and precision.
- Flushing Game: One of the most thrilling aspects of hunting with an English Springer Spaniel is their ability to flush game. Unlike pointing breeds, Springers use their speed and enthusiasm to surprise and flush birds into the air, giving hunters a clear shot. This burst of action is where the breed gets its name, as they literally “spring” into action.
- Retrieving Game: Retrieving is another area where the English Springer Spaniel shines. After the game is shot, these dogs are quick to locate and retrieve it, often from challenging terrain or water. Their soft mouths ensure that the game is returned intact, showcasing their natural gentleness and training.
The English Spring Spaniel dog is also used as a working sniffer dog. A sniffer dog or sometimes called a detection dog, is specially trained to use its keen senses to identify drugs, explosives, and various other contraband, aiding law enforcement, military operations, and other security agencies.
Show-Bred Dog
While their hunting abilities are impressive, English Springer Spaniels also excel in the show ring. Show-bred dogs are bred for their conformation to breed standards, focusing on physical attributes and temperament.
- Show-Bred: Show-bred English Springer Spaniels are distinguished by their elegant appearance and balanced gait. These dogs undergo rigorous training to perfect their stance, movement, and behavior in the ring. Their calm demeanor and striking looks make them crowd favorites at dog shows.
- Show Awards: The English Springer Spaniel show dog has garnered numerous significant awards in the show circuit. From Best in Show titles at prestigious events like the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show to top placements in obedience and agility trials, these dogs have proven their versatility and excellence. Their success in the show ring is a testament to their breeding and training, making them a breed that stands out in every arena.
The English Springer Spaniel‘s dual capabilities as a field dog and show dog highlight its versatility and charm. Whether in the field flushing game or in the ring winning awards, this breed’s performance is a testament to its exceptional qualities.
English Springer Spaniel Physical Traits
The English Springer Spaniel is a breed that captures attention with its athletic build and charming appearance. These physical traits are not just for show—they play a crucial role in the dog’s performance in the field and its overall versatility.
Size (Length and Height)
English Springer Spaniels are medium-sized dogs, perfectly proportioned for agility and endurance. Males typically stand between 19 to 21 inches at the shoulder, while females range from 18 to 20 inches. Their length is slightly longer than their height, giving them a balanced and sturdy frame. This size makes them ideal for maneuvering through various terrains, from dense forests to open fields, without compromising speed or agility.
Head and Muzzle (Soft Mouth)
One of the most distinctive features of the English Springer Spaniel is its head and muzzle. They have a broad, rounded skull with a moderate stop, and their muzzle is strong yet refined. The breed is renowned for its “soft mouth,” which allows them to retrieve game without causing damage. This trait is particularly valued by hunters, as it ensures the game is returned in pristine condition.
Body Structure and Weight
The body of the English Springer Spaniel is robust and muscular, designed for endurance and strength. They have a deep chest that provides ample lung capacity, supporting their stamina during long hunts. Their legs are straight and strong, with well-arched toes that aid in swift and efficient movement. On average, males weigh between 45 to 55 pounds, and females weigh slightly less, between 40 to 50 pounds. This weight range is perfect for maintaining a balance between power and agility.
Coat Type and Colors
The English Springer Spaniel sports a double coat that is both functional and attractive. The outer coat is medium length, flat or wavy, providing protection against the elements. The undercoat is soft and dense, offering insulation. This breed comes in a variety of colors, including liver and white, black and white, and tricolor variations. Their coat not only serves as protection but also adds to their striking appearance, making them stand out in the field and the show ring.
Keen Senses
English Springer Spaniels are equipped with exceptionally keen senses that enhance their hunting abilities. Their acute sense of smell allows them to detect game from impressive distances, while their sharp eyesight helps them track movement with precision. These heightened senses make them formidable hunting companions, capable of locating and flushing game efficiently.
Tail Structure and Purpose
The tail of the English Springer Spaniel is another noteworthy feature. Typically docked in countries where this practice is legal, the tail is set high and carried level with the back. In the field, the tail acts as a rudder, helping the dog maintain balance while navigating rough terrain. It also serves as a signal to hunters, wagging energetically when the dog is on the scent of game.
Energy and Endurance
Energy and endurance are hallmarks of the English Springer Spaniel. This breed is known for its tireless work ethic and boundless enthusiasm. They can work tirelessly in the field for hours, covering large areas without showing signs of fatigue. Their high energy levels also make them excellent companions for active families, always ready for the next adventure.
Life Expectancy
With proper care, English Springer Spaniels have a relatively long lifespan for a medium-sized breed. They typically live between 12 to 14 years, although many enjoy life well beyond this range. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and routine veterinary care are essential to ensuring a long and healthy life for these dogs.
Gestation Period and Litter Size
The gestation period for English Springer Spaniels is approximately 63 days, similar to other breeds. They usually have litters ranging from 4 to 9 puppies, with an average litter size of 6. These puppies are born with closed eyes and ears, requiring attentive care during their early weeks of life. Breeders and owners should ensure that both the mother and her puppies receive appropriate nutrition and veterinary attention to support their growth and development.
English Springer Spaniel Behavioral Traits
The English Springer Spaniel is a breed that captures hearts not just with its looks, but with its vibrant personality and diverse abilities. Understanding the behavioral traits of these dogs is key to appreciating their roles as field and show dogs as well as family pets.
Prey Drive
An English Springer Spaniel possesses a high prey drive, making it a relentless and effective hunter. These dogs are naturally inclined to chase and flush game, driven by natural instincts honed over centuries. Their ability to stay focused and determined while hunting is unparalleled, often described as having a “never-give-up” attitude. This trait ensures that they excel in the field, always ready to pursue game with enthusiasm and vigor.
Intelligence
English Springer Spaniels are known for their intelligence. This trait makes them quick learners and highly adaptable to various tasks. They thrive on mental stimulation and enjoy challenges that engage their minds. This intelligence is not only beneficial for hunting but also makes them excel in obedience training and agility courses. Their ability to understand and follow complex commands is a testament to their sharp minds.
Versatility
One of the standout traits of the English Springer Spaniel is its versatility. These dogs are equally adept in the field, and performing in dog shows. Their adaptability means they can transition seamlessly from a day in the field to a family environment without missing a beat. This versatility extends to their ability to work in different terrains and climates, making them reliable partners in the field, in a show or at home.
Temperament
The English Springer Spaniel temperament is best described as friendly and sociable. These dogs are affectionate and enjoy being around people, making them excellent companions. They are known for their cheerful disposition and are often described as having a “happy-go-lucky” attitude. This friendly nature makes them great with children and other pets, adding to their appeal as family dogs. However, be careful with family birds, as the English Springer Spaniel has a strong prey drive for birds.
Trainability
Due to their high intelligence and eagerness to please, English Springer Spaniels are highly trainable. They respond well to positive reinforcement techniques and enjoy the process of learning new commands and tricks. Their trainability makes them suitable for various roles, from hunting partners to detection dogs. Consistent training from a young age helps harness their energy and focus their abilities in productive ways.
Loyalty and Protective
Loyalty is a hallmark of the English Springer Spaniel. These dogs form strong bonds with their owners and are known for their unwavering devotion. Their protective nature means they will watch over their family and alert them to any potential dangers. This loyalty and protective instinct make them reliable and trustworthy companions, always ready to stand by their owners’ side.
Family Compatibility
English Springer Spaniels are highly compatible with family life. Their affectionate and gentle nature makes them great with children, and they often become integral members of the family. They thrive in environments where they are included in family activities and enjoy being part of the daily routine. Their energy levels match well with active families, and they relish opportunities for play and exercise.
Choosing the Right English Springer Spaniel
Choosing the right English Springer Spaniel puppy is an exciting yet crucial decision. Research first, so you know what you want before you start visiting breeders. This section guides you through some key factors to consider, ensuring you find a puppy that meets your needs and expectations.
Breeder and Pedigree
When selecting an English Springer Spaniel puppy, starting with a reputable breeder is paramount. A responsible breeder prioritizes the health and well-being of their dogs, providing a strong foundation for your puppy. Look for breeders who are transparent about their breeding practices and willing to show health clearances for both the puppy’s parents. These clearances can include hip dysplasia evaluations, eye exams, and other genetic tests that ensure the puppies are less likely to inherit common health issues.
It’s also essential to inquire about the pedigree of the puppy. A well-documented lineage provides insight into the puppy’s potential traits and abilities. Ask the breeder about the achievements and characteristics of the puppy’s ancestors. Were they successful hunting dogs? Did they participate in dog shows? Understanding the pedigree helps you predict the puppy’s future behavior and capabilities.
Temperament
The temperament of an English Springer Spaniel puppy is a critical factor in making your choice. Spend time observing the puppies in the litter to gauge their personalities. Look for a puppy that shows a balance of curiosity and calmness. A well-tempered puppy will be playful yet responsive to your presence and commands.
A friendly and confident puppy is more likely to adapt well to training and socialization. Avoid puppies that appear overly shy or aggressive, as these traits can lead to challenges in training and integration into family life. A good breeder will also perform temperament testing and provide guidance on which puppies might best suit your lifestyle and hunting needs.
Health and Energy Level
Ensuring your English Springer Spaniel puppy is healthy and energetic is vital for their future as a hunting companion and family pet. A healthy puppy will have clear eyes, a shiny coat, and a playful demeanor. Ask the breeder about the health history of the puppy’s parents and any veterinary checks the puppy has undergone. Vaccinations, deworming, and general health check-ups are crucial for a good start in life.
Energy level is another essential aspect to consider. English Springer Spaniels are known for their high energy and enthusiasm. If you lead an active lifestyle and plan to engage in frequent bird hunting trips, the Springer Spaniel would be a perfect choice. Conversely, if you prefer a more relaxed pace and a low maintenance family pet then the English Springer Spaniel is probably not a good option.
Caring for Your English Springer Spaniel
Caring for an English Springer Spaniel involves more than just meeting basic needs; it’s about nurturing a companion who will thrive both in the field and at home. Here are some important tips you should consider:
Nutrition and Healthcare
Proper nutrition is the cornerstone of a healthy English Springer Spaniel. These dogs are active and require a balanced diet that supports their high energy levels and overall health. Opt for high-quality dog food rich in protein, healthy fats, and essential vitamins and minerals. Avoid foods with fillers and artificial additives. Consider incorporating fresh, whole foods like lean meats, vegetables, and fruits into their diet to enhance their nutrition.
Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial for maintaining your English Springer Spaniel’s health. Schedule annual exams to monitor their weight, dental health, and overall condition. Vaccinations, flea and tick prevention, and deworming are essential preventive measures. Pay attention to any signs of discomfort or changes in behavior, as these can indicate health issues that need prompt attention. Some of the common health problems that may affect this breed include: Hip Dysplasia, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), Ear Infections, Phosphofructokinase (PFK) Deficiency, Allergies, Autoimmune Diseases and Elbow Dysplasia.
Exercise and Grooming
English Springer Spaniels are energetic dogs that thrive on regular exercise. Aim for at least an hour of vigorous activity each day. This can include walks, runs, fetch games, and interactive play. Engaging in field training or agility courses can also provide excellent physical and mental stimulation. These activities not only keep them fit but also strengthen your bond.
Grooming is another critical aspect of caring for an English Springer Spaniel. Their double coat requires regular brushing to prevent matting and reduce shedding. Aim to brush them at least three times a week. During shedding seasons, more frequent brushing may be necessary. Bathing should be done as needed, typically every 4-6 weeks, using a gentle dog shampoo. Regularly check and clean their ears to prevent infections, and trim their nails every few weeks to maintain proper foot health.
Foster Connection
Fostering a strong connection with your English Springer Spaniel is key to their happiness and your satisfaction as an owner. Spend quality time together beyond training and exercise. Engage in activities that your dog enjoys, such as playing with toys, exploring new environments, or simply relaxing together. Positive reinforcement techniques during training sessions will build trust and enhance your relationship.
Socialization is another vital component. Expose your English Springer Spaniel to various environments, people, and other animals from a young age. This helps them develop into well-rounded, confident dogs. Enrolling in obedience classes can provide structured socialization and training opportunities, further strengthening your bond.
English Springer Spaniel Training Tips
English Springer Spaniel training can be an incredibly rewarding experience. These dogs are intelligent, eager to please, and full of energy, making them ideal candidates for both basic and advanced training. Here are some tips to help you train your English Springer Spaniel effectively.
Basic Training Tips for Puppy
Starting early with basic training is essential for your English Springer Spaniel puppy. The foundation you lay during these formative months will set the stage for future success.
- Consistency is Key: Puppies thrive on routine. Establish consistent training times and stick to them. Use the same commands and rewards to avoid confusing your puppy.
- Positive Reinforcement: Reward-based training is particularly effective for English Springer Spaniels. Use treats, praise, and toys to reward good behavior. This encourages your puppy to repeat the desired actions.
- Socialization: Expose your puppy to various environments, people, and other animals. This helps them become well-rounded and confident. Puppy classes can be a great way to achieve this in a structured environment.
- Crate Training: Crate training helps with housebreaking and provides your puppy with a safe space. Make the crate inviting with soft bedding and toys. Never use the crate as a punishment.
- Basic “Control” Commands: It’s important to establish early that you are always the one in control or in charge. Start with essential commands like “sit,” “stay,” “come,” and “leave it.” Keep training sessions short and fun to hold your puppy’s attention. Use treats and positive reinforcement to reward compliance.
- Leash Training: Teaching your puppy to walk on a leash without pulling is crucial. Start in a controlled environment and gradually introduce more distractions. Reward your puppy for walking beside you calmly.
Advanced Training Tips
Once your English Springer Spaniel has mastered the basics, you can move on to more advanced training techniques. All training requires patience, consistency, and a lot of positive reinforcement. These tips will help you take your dog’s skills to the next level.
- Field Training: For hunting enthusiasts, field training is essential. Introduce your dog to retrieving, flushing, and tracking in a controlled setting before moving to real hunting scenarios. Use dummies and scent training to simulate hunting conditions.
- Agility Training: English Springer Spaniels excel in agility courses due to their agility and enthusiasm. Start with simple obstacles and gradually increase the difficulty. This not only provides physical exercise but also mental stimulation.
- Advanced Obedience: Build on basic commands by introducing more complex tasks. Teach your dog to follow hand signals and verbal commands from a distance. This is particularly useful in hunting and competitive obedience trials.
- Problem-Solving Exercises: Engage your dog’s mind with problem-solving tasks. Puzzle toys, hide-and-seek games, and scent work can keep your English Springer Spaniel mentally sharp and reduce boredom.
- Distraction Training: Practice commands in various environments with different levels of distractions. This ensures your dog can respond reliably, even in stimulating settings like parks or during hunting trips.
- Continuous Learning: A trained springer spaniel is never done learning, training even for the experienced dogs should be a lifelong process. Regularly introduce new commands, tricks, and activities to keep your dog engaged and challenged. This continuous learning helps maintain their obedience and their physical and mental sharpness.
Conclusion
Throughout this article, we’ve explored the English Springer Spaniel‘s rich history, remarkable physical and behavioral characteristics, and essential care and training tips. From their impressive hunting abilities, stunning beauty as show dogs and loving nature as family pets, these dogs demonstrate a high level of versatility.
Whether you’re a hunting enthusiast or looking for a loyal family companion, this breed offers an exceptional blend of physical prowess and endearing personality traits.
FAQs: English Springer Spaniel
What are English Springer Spaniels best at?
English Springer Spaniels are best known for their exceptional hunting skills. They excel at finding and flushing game from dense cover and retrieving it with a gentle grip, thanks to their “soft mouth.” Beyond hunting, these dogs shine in agility and obedience competitions and show competitions demonstrating their intelligence and trainability.
What are the two types of English Springer Spaniels?
There are two distinct types of English Springer Spaniels: field-bred and show-bred. Field-bred Springers are bred primarily for hunting and fieldwork. They have a leaner build, shorter coats, and an intense focus on their work. Show-bred Springers, on the other hand, are bred for conformation shows. They have a more robust build, longer coats, and a slightly calmer demeanor. Both types maintain the breed’s signature intelligence and energy.
How much do English Springer Spaniels cost?
The cost of an English Springer Spaniel can vary widely based on factors such as pedigree, breeder reputation, and location. On average, you can expect to pay between $800 to $2,000 for a puppy from a reputable breeder. Show-quality puppies or those from champion bloodlines can be significantly more expensive, sometimes exceeding $3,000. It’s crucial to invest in a healthy puppy from a responsible breeder to ensure you get a well-bred and well-cared-for dog.
Do English Springer Spaniels bark a lot?
English Springer Spaniels are generally moderate barkers. They will bark to alert their owners of strangers or unusual activities, making them effective watchdogs. However, excessive barking can occur if they are bored, under-exercised, or not properly trained. Regular physical and mental stimulation, along with consistent training, can help manage their barking habits.
Do English Springer Spaniels shed a lot?
Yes, English Springer Spaniels do shed, especially during seasonal changes in spring and fall. They have a double coat that requires regular grooming to manage shedding and keep their fur healthy. Brushing your Springer at least three times a week can significantly reduce loose hair around the house. Regular grooming also helps to prevent matting and keeps their coat looking its best.
What are the potential behavioral problems with English Springer Spaniels?
All spaniel dogs including the English Springer Spaniels can develop behavioral issues if not properly trained and socialized. Some potential problems include separation anxiety, excessive barking, and destructive behaviors when bored or under-stimulated. They may also exhibit stubbornness or over-excitability. Early training, socialization, and providing ample physical and mental exercise are key to preventing and managing these behaviors. Additionally, consistent routines and positive reinforcement can help foster a well-behaved and happy Springer.
Resources: English Springer Spaniel
SPECIAL NOTE: “The information provided in this post is based on Google research and the Resource links listed below. While we try to keep the information for this post current, there are no representations expressed or implied, about the completeness, or accuracy of the information provided. Therefore all hunters should always verify current information from these resources along with other local and federal publications”.
Online Resources
- AKC – American Kennel Club
- TKC – The Kennel Club
- UKC – United Kennel Club
- CKC – Canadian Kennel Club
- ESSFTA – English Springer Spaniel Field Trial Association
- ESSCA – The English Springer Spaniel Club of America
- SR-USA – Springer Rescue USA
Best Books
- “The Complete Guide to English Springer Spaniels” by Dr. Joanna de Klerk: This book covers everything from the breed’s history to training and health care tips. It’s a must-have for both new and experienced owners.
- “English Springer Spaniel (Comprehensive Owner’s Guide)” by Haja Van Wessem: A detailed guide that provides insights into the breed’s temperament, care needs, and training techniques, making it a valuable resource for any Springer owner.
- “English Springer Spaniels: Everything about Purchase, Care, Nutrition, Behavior, and Training” by Joan Hustace Walker: This book offers practical advice on all aspects of owning an English Springer Spaniel, from selecting a puppy to advanced training.
- “The English Springer Spaniel: An Owner’s Guide to a Happy Healthy Pet” by Carol Callahan: A user-friendly guide that focuses on the essentials of raising and caring for a Springer Spaniel, complete with helpful tips and beautiful photographs.
- “Training Your English Springer Spaniel” by Nona Kilgore Bauer: This book provides expert training advice specifically tailored to the breed, ensuring your Springer Spaniel develops good manners and excellent hunting skills.
